Sunday, July 22, 2012

Low vitamin B6 related to inflammatory Conditions in adults in the United States

Accumulated inflammation and wear and tear are the principal markers of the decline in health.  Many of us take a variety of nutrients to help reduce inflammation and repair of our body.  A new study highlights the fact that we should not forget basic nutrition as a key element of our efforts to anti-inflammatory drugs.  The researchers found that low levels of biologically active B6 (pyridoxal-5-phosphate) had the largest amount of inflammation.

The researchers are interested in this subject, because previous research had linked low B6 to a variety of inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and diabetes.

The researchers investigated the levels of blood of the B6 with 13 different inflammatory markers in 2 229 adults, with the average age of 62.  The relationship between a lack of B6 and an increase in inflammation was clear as Crystal.

A vitamin is called vitamin because it cannot be made by your body to something else.  You must consume vitamins in your diet or take as supplements.  The best form of vitamin B6 for supplementation is the biologically active form, pyridoxal-5-phosphate.  Cheap B6, pyridoxine HCL, called requires that your body a gift of energy for her to make it active, and some of the by-products of this metabolic process may be neurological irritation.

B vitamins are generally absent in the American diet due to the transformation of food which depletes the natural grain sources.  B6 is essential for the metabolism of proteins and is required by all neurotransmitters in the brain for optimal function.  Researchers have long sought to explain that the lack of vitamin c and B6 is intimately associated with cardiovascular disease.  This new study on the influence of vitamin B6 system B6 documents keep inflammation in check.

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Higher levels of vitamin B6 reduced the risk of lung cancer
Vitamin B6 protects against Inflammation
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Nations Unies: Progrès dans le traitement du VIH dans les pays pauvres

Des nouvelles encourageantes sur le front du sida : les Nations Unies, affirme un peuple de dossier 8 millions avec le VIH dans le traitement de sauver la vie des pays pauvres a reçu l'an dernier, et de nouvelles infections chez les enfants décrochent.

Selon un rapport du mercredi que le monde fait des progrès vers les objectifs de 15 millions de personnes traitées d'ici à 2015 et d'éliminer surtout les nouveaux cas chez les enfants en traitement des femmes enceintes infectées par le VIH.

Le rapport vient jours avant la Conférence sur le sida plus grand du monde s'ouvre dans la capitale dans le but d'enfin « turning the tide » sur l'épidémie, citant la recherche qui indique il est possible de la tige considérablement la propagation du virus.

Certains 34,20 millions de personnes dans le monde vivent avec le VIH, et 2,50 millions sont devenus infectés l'année dernière.



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HIV drug resistance creeps higher: WHO

"World Health Organization AIDS Chief Gottfried Himschall speaks during an interview with AFP in Washington, DC on July 9. Drug resistance to HIV medicines has been creeping higher in parts of Africa and Asia but is not steep enough to cause alarm, said a survey released by the World Health Organization. (AFP Photo/Jim Watson)" title

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AIDS deaths worldwide drop as access to drugs improves

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Conservatism threatens AIDS prevention in LatAm: UN

"A poster showing the AIDS red ribbon in Mexico City in 2008. AIDS is under control in Latin America and the Caribbean but a conservative wave threatens efforts to prevent the spread of the deadly HIV virus, UN experts said Tuesday. (AFP Photo/Ronaldo Schemidt)" title

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UNAIDS report shows critical gaps in world response

"A woman holds an AIDS awareness banner in Cape Town, South Africa, in 2011. Deaths from HIV/AIDS are rising in parts of Asia and central Europe and the global response must accelerate, experts said after the release of a major report on the world AIDS epidemic. (AFP Photo/Rodger Bosch)" title

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Mouse With Human-Like Immune System Could Advance AIDS Research

HealthDay – Thu, Jul 19, 2012 WEDNESDAY, July 18 (HealthDay News) -- Scientists who created mice with elements of the human immune system believe the rodents will further efforts to develop a vaccine against HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

One of the challenges facing researchers striving to develop an HIV vaccine has been the lack of a laboratory animals that accurately reflect the human response to HIV and how the virus evolves to avoid that response.

The U.S. team of scientists transplanted human bone marrow cells and other human tissue into mice without a functioning immune system. This gave the mice aspects of the human immune system.

"Our study showed not only that these humanized mice mount human immune responses against HIV but also that the ability of HIV to evade these responses by mutating viral proteins targeted by CD8 'killer' T-cells is accurately reflected in these mice," study senior author Todd Allen, an associate professor medicine at the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard, explained in a MGH news release.

T-cells are immune cells that protect the body from infection.

The mice might significantly reduce the time and costs required to test experimental HIV vaccines, according to the researchers.

The study was published in the July 18 issue of the journal Science Translational Medicine.

More information

The New Mexico AIDS Education and Training Center has more about HIV/AIDS vaccines.



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Infection With 2 HIV Strains Slows Disease Progression

HealthDay – Thu, Jul 19, 2012 WEDNESDAY, July 18 (HealthDay News) -- While many people don't know it, there's more than one kind of AIDS virus. Besides the HIV-1 strain that's common throughout the world, a type known as HIV-2 is found in some parts of Africa. Now, a new study finds that people infected with HIV-2 and later with HIV-1 appear to be better equipped to fight off the virus.

Double-infected people can still go on to develop AIDS, and there's no indication that anyone infected with HIV-1 should go out in search of HIV-2.

However, "this study should prompt researchers to take a fresh look at HIV-2 infection" and why it seems weaker, and the potential implications for a vaccine, said Sarah Rowland-Jones, an AIDS specialist and professor of immunology at John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, England.

The big questions, she said, are these: Is there something about the HIV-2 virus that makes it less dangerous to the human body's immune system defenses? Or is it perhaps the other way around, and the body's defenses are the key?

"If we understood this, it would have a lot of relevance for HIV vaccine design," said Rowland-Jones, who's familiar with the new study's findings.

The HIV-2 strain is largely found in West Africa and hasn't spread much beyond there, although there have been cases reported in Europe, India, Japan and the United States, Rowland-Jones said. Many people who are infected with the HIV-2 virus develop AIDS and die, but some live normal lives, she said.

The new study looked at West Africans in the country of Guinea-Bissau and focused on 223 people who first became infected with HIV-2 and then with HIV-1 or those who only got the HIV-1 strain.

The researchers tracked the patients for about 20 years. They found that it took an average of 104 months (nine years) for those with dual infections to develop AIDS, but just 68 months (nearly six years) for those infected solely with the HIV-1 virus.

"Those infected with HIV-2 first seem to be better prepared to handle the more aggressive HIV-1 infection and thereby have a longer progression time to AIDS," said study lead author Joakim Esbjörnsson, a postdoctoral researcher at Lund University, in Sweden.

"It is clear that the effect is huge," Esbjörnsson said, and it probably affects death rates, too.

Esbjörnsson emphasized that the research only looked at people who became infected with HIV-2 first: "People already single-infected with HIV-1 should under no circumstances try to get infected with HIV-2," he said.

Phyllis Kanki, an AIDS specialist and professor of immunology and infectious diseases at the Harvard School of Public Health, suggested that people who get infected with HIV-2, which affects the body more slowly, may develop better defenses against the virus. That, in turn, could help them more effectively fight the HIV-1 strain, she said.

The study appears in the July 19 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.

More information

To learn more about HIV, visit the U.S. National Library of Medicine.



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Experts: Africa countries lose out on AIDS funding

African nations are not receiving adequate international funding to fight HIV/AIDS, leaving them to face catastrophic consequences without enough medication, an independent, global medical and humanitarian organization said Thursday.

Experts at Medecins Sans Frontieres, or Doctors Without Borders, said Congo is only able to supply anti-retroviral drugs to 15 percent of the people needing them and "patients are literally dying on our doorstep."

In a statement released in Johannesburg ahead of the United Nations world AIDS conference in Washington starting July 22, the organization said African countries worst affected by the pandemic were the least able to provide "the best science" available to fight it.

The group said that while world data by the U.N. has pointed to gains over the disease, donors have scaled back on earlier funding commitments to Africa.

African countries were being increasingly urged to find their own domestic solutions to the AIDS pandemic, it said.

"This is just a cynical excuse for donors to scale back on their earlier commitments of putting an end to this disease. It will have catastrophic consequences for patients," Dr. Eric Goemaere, the organization's senior regional adviser for southern Africa, told reporters in Johannesburg. "It would be outrageous to assume that African states could combat this emergency alone, given their current limited resources."

At the Washington summit, leaders and scientists are scheduled to review programs aimed at eventually eradicating AIDS. But plans to increase treatment and improve the quality of care in developing countries now risks being scrapped entirely as international support stagnated, the organization said.

The Global Fund, a major backer of anti-AIDS projects in South Africa and the region, now faced waning donor interest, it said.

The latest study issued by UNAIDS reports that international anti-AIDS funding hovered at about $8 billion in 2008 and has not increased by any significant amounts since then, forcing some developing nations to increase their own spending to keep existing programs running.

But just as the funds are being squeezed, bounds are being made.

South Africa on Thursday reported a decline in cases of mother-to-child transmission of the virus that causes AIDS because of treatment given to mothers and babies aged four to six weeks.

"It has proven that putting mothers and infants on treatment early on really works," Health Minister Aaron Motsoaledi told reporters.

In South Africa, 32 percent of live births are HIV-exposed and it is estimated 30 percent of HIV-exposed babies will be infected within eight weeks of birth if there is no drug treatment. The country has 5.6 million people living with AIDS, the highest of any world nation, and an infection rate of about 18 percent of the population of 50 million.

According to Doctors Without Borders, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe have also reported progress in their AIDS programs.

Malawi was the first to begin prevention of mother-to-child transmission through treating infected expectant and breast feeding mothers.

Stuart Chuka, an official of the Malawi health ministry, said the eradication of AIDS now relied on state-of-the-art medical technology and the money to pay for it.

"Just as success is within reach, we're up against a great financial squeeze. I truly believe we can end AIDS. But we can't do it alone," he said Thursday.

Thierry Dethier, a Doctors Without Borders official based in Congo, said in that country just one tenth of health facilities offer AIDS treatment.

"We receive critically ill patients who have desperately searched for ARV treatment" whose condition had reached the point of death, he said.



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German parliament defends circumcision after court ban

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South Africa reports new success in saving newborns from HIV

"A newborn baby girl, daughter of a HIV-positive mother, receives an anti-retroviral drug at the Paarl Hospital in 2002. About 117,000 babies were saved from HIV infection last year under South Africa's scheme to prevent mothers from passing on the disease during childbirth, health official said Thursday. (AFP Photo/Anna Zieminski)" title

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Black and Gay in the USA: The Harsh Truth of HIV and AIDS

was released today, days before the start of the International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C.

MORE: FDA Approves Truvada as First HIV Prevention Drug

While black MSM represent 9 percent of all MSM in the country, they make up 38 percent of new infection cases among that group.



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