Experimental Drug Suppresses Appetite in Mice: Study

HealthDay – 1 hr 11 mins ago THURSDAY, July 26 (HealthDay News) -- An experimental drug tested in mice might one day help people lose weight and keep it off long-term, according to researchers.

The drug, called JD5037, increases sensitivity to the hormone leptin, a natural appetite suppressant found in the body, according to a study in the July 26 issue of the journal Cell Metabolism.

"By sensitizing the body to naturally occurring leptin, the new drug could not only promote weight loss, but also help maintain it," senior study author George Kunos, of the U.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, said in a journal news release. "This finding bodes well for the development of a new class of compounds for the treatment of obesity and its metabolic consequences."

Leptin supplements alone are not effective at helping people lose excess weight, according to the release. It's believed that this is due to desensitization to leptin, which means that the body can no longer respond to leptin.

In this study, the researchers found that JD5037 suppressed the appetite of obese mice and led to weight loss, in part by resensitizing the mice to leptin.

Scientists note, however, that research with animals often fails to provide similar results in humans.

"Obesity is a growing public health problem, and there is a strong need for new types of medications to treat obesity and its serious metabolic complications, including diabetes and fatty liver disease," Kunos said.

More information

The U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases offers tips on safe and effective weight-loss programs.

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Targeting the Brain's Appetite Control Switch

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Scientists in search of the control switch for the brain’s dinner bell have a new clue. Researchers studying mice at Columbia University Medical Center found that when they messed with a certain protein that is found in the brains of mice – and humans – the rodents’ appetite and metabolism changed.

Dr. Domenico Accili, the leader of the study, whose findings were published today in the journal Cell, said the protein seems to be intimately involved in regulating food intake, and provides an intriguing target in the never ending search for a drug to regulate how much people eat.

The protein,  called Gpr17,  controls how the brain’s cells respond to insulin, one of the chief hormones involved in hunger and metabolism. When Accili and his team injected a drug to activate GPr17, the rodents’ appetites increased; injecting a chemical to turn Gpr17 off made the mice eat less.

Accili said controlling this protein in the brains of humans may be more than just a pipe dream. Many drugs currently on the market work by acting on the family of proteins to which Gpr17 belongs. The difference is those drugs, such as asthma medicines and blood thinners, don’t cross from the bloodstream into the brain.

“If we were able to tweak those medications so they cross into the brain, they could probably have positive effects against weight gain and help us control appetite,” Accili said.

Accili said his team would work next on redesigning the drugs they injected into the rodents’ brains so that they cross from the bloodstream into the brain.

Dr. Charles Clark, a professor of medicine at the Indiana University School of Medicine, said knowing more about this protein would  no doubt help scientists learn more about appetite control in the brain and may even lead to the development of new drugs to fine-tune feelings of hunger. But overcoming hunger’s deep-rooted spot in human evolution won’t be so easy.

 ”Control of weight is too integral and too important

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